Effectiveness of a Period High Intensity Interval Training and Bee Pollen Consumption on the Level of Tropomyosin Receptor Kinase B in Hippocampus Rats Exposed to Cadmium

Introduction: The present study investigated the effectiveness of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) and pollen (PO) on tyrosine kinase receptor B (TRKb) in mice exposed to cadmium. Studies have shown that cadmium causes a decrease in BDNF and inactivation of TRKb. Methods: 25 male Sprague-Dawley mice were selected at the age of 8 weeks, and were randomly replaced in five groups of five, which included the healthy control group (HC), the cadmium control group CD), cadmium + pollen group (PO), cadmium group + intense intermittent exercise (HIIT), cadmium + pollen group + intense intermittent exercise (HIIT-PO) group. Cadmium was administered as cadmium chloride 400 mg/kg.l dissolved in water to all groups except the healthy control. Daily, 200 mg of flower pollen in 2.4 cc of normal saline was given by gavage to groups (PO/HIIT-PO). To determine the maximum intensity of exercise, the standard Bedford incremental test was used for the HIIT-PO and HIIT groups. 48 hours after the final training session and supplementation, the mice were anesthetized using ketamine (50 mg/kg) and xylosine (20 mg/kg) after a 12-hour fasting period. The hippocampus of the brain was extracted and the data were analyzed using independent T-test and two-way ANOVA with SPSS 16 software. Results: Cadmium significantly decreased TRKb (P≤0.05), HIIT training and pollen supplementation significantly increased TRKb, and the interaction effect of HIIT training and pollen supplementation was also significant (P≤0.05). Conclusion: It is possible that the antioxidant effects of pollen can increase TRKb levels, HIIT training increases the concentration of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) in the brain, which can facilitate the synthesis of BDNF and therefore increase TRKb levels.