Tragic dialectics of the lives of children from Tiverzin’s yard in the novel Doctor Zhivago by B. L. Pasternak

The article analyses the tragic dialectics of the lives of children from Tiverzin’s yard, who devoted themselves to the revolution and became its victims, as well as those against whom the revolution was conceived. The significance of the locus “Tiverzin’s yard”, which occupies a significant place in the composition due to the way of life of the railway workers living there, who shaped the characters of the future participants of the revolution, is analyzed. As a meeting place and a subject of memories, this locus is one of the means of characterizing the grown-up boys and girls. The methods of constructing the image of Olya Demina, the episodes in which her character is manifested, are revealed and analyzed, the conclusion is made about the unconventionality of her nature: the ability to defend her opinion, to follow the path that corresponds to her moral principles. The methods of constructing the image of Osip Galiullin – the most important minor character, the double of Pavel Antipov and Yuri Zhivago – are revealed and analyzed. As a man who has determined his own fate, Osip finds himself in the ranks of those against whom the revolution was intended, which makes him akin to Zhivago. Galiullin’s moral superiority is revealed in his relationship with Pavel, their attitude to childhood friendship, official duties, methods of struggle, and anthroponyms. It is concluded that the novel finds a solution to the ideological contradiction, which depends not on the hero’s inability to ideologically correspond to the scale of the event, but on the qualities of a person, which help him remain a Person. The unnaturalness of the revolutionary process according to B. Pasternak lies in the disregard for the laws of humanity, which cannot correspond to the idea of life for the sake of life.