Sustainable Building Decarbonization in Nigeria: Challenges, Opportunities, and Policy Recommendations

Purpose: This study evaluates sustainable building decarbonization in Nigeria, focusing on the challenges and opportunities in reducing carbon emissions within the construction sector. It aims to identify policy gaps and recommend strategies for effective implementation. Methodology: A systematic literature review (SLR) was employed to analyze 80 peer-reviewed articles, government reports, and conference proceedings published between 2014 and 2025. This methodology comprehensively synthesizes existing research, identifying trends, barriers, and successful case studies in sustainable building practices. Findings: The review revealed critical barriers to decarbonization, including high initial costs, inadequate building code enforcement, and limited public awareness. Successful policies in other Sub-Saharan countries, such as Ghana and South Africa, highlight the importance of integrated approaches and financial incentives. Key themes included the need for improved energy efficiency, integration of renewable energy, and sustainable construction materials. Unique Contribution to Theory, Practice and Policy: Nigeria must strengthen regulatory frameworks, enhance financial incentives, and promote public awareness to achieve sustainable building decarbonization. A multi-stakeholder approach involving government, private developers, and research institutions is essential for overcoming existing barriers. By learning from global best practices, Nigeria can transition to a low-carbon built environment, contributing to broader climate goals and sustainable urban development.