Bone marrow fluid enhances the osteogenic activity of induced membrane leading to spontaneous osteogenesis: experimental validation and application in tibiofibular fusion for support reconstruction of segmental tibial defects

Bone marrow fluid enhances the osteogenic activity of IMs leading to SO. TFF by SO progresses faster than tibial clinical healing, making the IM technique an effective stabilizer for faster and better functional recovery after reconstruction of segmental defects of the middle and distal tibia.