The Commonality of Overtraining Syndrome and Relative Energy Deficit Syndrome in Sports (REDs). Literature Review

The purpose of the article is analysis of the literature comparing the clinical manifestations of overtraining syndrome (OTS) and relative energy deficiency syndrome in sports (REDs). The analysis of publications connected to OTS and REDs was carried out from two literature databases (PubMed and Elibrary.ru). The selection of works for analysis was carried out from 514 articles of two literature databases on the problem of the commonality of OTS and REDs, the connection between these syndromes, as well as issues of impaired availability of energy and nutrients in OTS. A comparative analysis of the clinical manifestations of the two syndromes and evidence of the hypothesis that the relative lack of energy in sports is one of the reasons (theories) for the development of overtraining syndrome in an athlete was carried out. A review and analysis of the literature showed that REDs can be considered a manifestation of OTS, and relative energy deficit in sports (REDs) is only one of the reasons (theories) for the development of overtraining syndrome in athletes, along with other theories (theory of cytokines, oxidative stress, fatigue of the central nervous system and etc.).