Evaluation of Osteoblast and Fibroblast Viability on Bovine Amniotic Membrane

Guided tissue regeneration (GTR), as one of the periodontal treatments, is a reconstructive periodontal surgical technique where scaffold is an important element. Bovine amniotic membrane (BAM) has anti-inflammatory and antibacterial properties, also multiple growth factors which are useful for periodontal healing and regeneration processes. As a biomaterial with GTR potential, BAM must meet the criteria for membrane barriers, including biocompatibility. This study aimed to determine the viability of osteoblast and fibroblast cells following the application of bovine amnion membranes. The study used a design featuring a laboratory experiment with a post-test-only control group. The cells were divided into five groups, each with seven replicates. Osteoblast and fibroblast cells were treated with BAM for 24 hours, after which the viability of the osteoblast and fibroblast cells was determined using the microculture tetrazolium assay. Consequently, after the intervention, osteoblast and fibroblast cells vitality was 91.73% and 98.4%, respectively. The statistical analysis indicated no significant difference between the cell control and treatment groups. This finding demonstrates that post-administration of BAM, osteoblast and fibroblast cells displayed elevated cell viability, with a live cell percentage above 50%. This indicated that BAM is safe and non-toxic to osteoblast and fibroblast cells.