Characteristics of difficulties in developing writing skills among Year 2 schoolchildren from different Russian regions

Introduction. Studying the difficulties of developing writing skills, a basic school skill, is one of the urgent problems of modern education due to the increasing number of students experiencing these difficulties. The purpose of this study is to identify and describe the difficulties of writing skills formation in second graders. Materials and Methods. The research methodology is based on a comprehensive analysis of written works by second graders. The following methods were used: theoretical analysis, assessment, methods of mathematical statistics for processing empirical data. Results. Conducting a detailed analysis of written works allowed the authors to identify the most common errors and describe their nature. The authors reveal the main errors associated with poor assimilation of educational material (spelling errors) and the insufficient level of phonetic and phonemic perception (difficulties of sound-letter analysis). The paper provides examples of written works and describes possible causes. Summarizing the data obtained, the authors conclude that a detailed analysis of the nature of errors is necessary to reveal their causes and choose the appropriate approach to remedial work. Conclusions. The study concludes that it is necessary to identify and take into account the nature of difficulties in developing writing skills in order to effectively help students to overcome them. The characteristic features of difficulties described by the authors will allow primary school teachers to adjust their work and improve the effectiveness of writing instruction.