Investigation on piezoelectric output performances of P(VDF-TrFE)-based composite films through component design

In this work, conductor MXene (Ti 3 C 2 T x ), ferroelectric Bi[Formula: see text]Na[Formula: see text]Nb 5 O[Formula: see text] (BNN) and NaNbO 3 (NN) modified P(VDF-TrFE) piezoelectric composite films were prepared by electrostatic spinning. A uniaxial intermittent alternating dual-spray method was used to construct component-layered P(VDF-TrFE)-based composite films, i.e., NN-MXene-NN-MXene, BNN-MXene-BNN-MXene and BNN-NN-BNN-NN. The results indicated that the 4[Formula: see text]wt.% BNN-P(VDF-TrFE) composite film exhibited the best comprehensive performance. The piezoelectric output performance of 4-BNN reached 15.18[Formula: see text]V, which was a remarkable increase of 236.59% over the baseline value of 4.51[Formula: see text]V without any doping. The 4-BNN composite film exhibited superior mechanical and electrical properties, with a tensile strength of approximately 15.68[Formula: see text]MPa and an elongation at break of 301.41%, representing an increase of 147.67% and 262.03% compared to P(VDF-TrFE). Furthermore, the film demonstrated good stability, sensitivity and hydrophobicity. When connected to a load of [Formula: see text], the current in the circuit was approximately 2.88[Formula: see text] [Formula: see text]A, and the maximum power was 2.07[Formula: see text] [Formula: see text]W/cm 2 . Additionally, the piezoelectric nanogenerator (PENG) was prepared using 4[Formula: see text]wt.% BNN-P(VDF-TrFE) composite film to demonstrate sensing properties of body movement.