Ecosystem Responses of Jerusalem Artichoke (Helianthus tuberosus L.) in Alpine Desert Environments in Northeastern Qinghai, Tibet Plateau, China

Desertification is acknowledged as a significant global ecological challenge. In the current context of advancing ecological governance and sustainable development, it is imperative to explore optimal solutions that reconcile economic and ecological interests. This study examined the economically viable crop Jerusalem artichoke (Helianthus tuberosus L.) by selecting four varieties (Qingyu Nos. 1 to 4) for cultivation in the semi-arid sandy region of the Qinghai Plateau. This research analyzes and discusses the growth and development as well as the ecological adaptability of the various varieties, evaluating their feasibility for ecological restoration in high-altitude, semi-arid, sandy environments. The findings suggest that, under high-altitude and semi-arid conditions, these varieties demonstrate a spectrum of physiological and ecological adaptations, including alterations in organ allocation, limited vegetative growth, and modifications in root distribution. Notably, Qingyu Nos. 1 and 2 are more adept at thriving under cold and dry conditions, whereas Qingyu Nos. 3 and 4 are more suitable for cultivation in warmer and humid environments. This study offers valuable insights into crop cultivation in high-altitude, semi-arid, desert regions and proposes innovative strategies for the advancement of the local sand industry. The ecological restoration approach that employs these crops for sand stabilization enhances the transformation of ecological benefits.