Creation of Li-Ion Battery Pack Balancer Based on Cheap Microcontrollers

Possible variants of construction of multistage assemblies based on Li-ion batteries are considered. The reasons for the structural imbalance of battery assemblies are analyzed. The analysis of possible options for balancing the voltage on the cascades of battery assemblies is carried out. Existing solutions for active and passive balancing are considered. The experience of using and disadvantages of passive balancers schemes are presented. A scheme for creating a system for monitoring and balancing the cascades of a Li-ion battery assembly based on microcontrollers is proposed. An example of constructing such a scheme based on the Atmega8A microcontroller for a Li-ion battery assembly with nine cascades is given. A solution for remote checking the voltage level of the battery cascades is proposed. The main contribution of this article is the possibility of simplifying the process of building balancing systems for batteries with series-connected cells, as well as reducing the cost of building balancing systems for non-critical applications.