Research on Vernacular Architecture—How Red Soil Affects Hakka Tulou from the Perspective of Shear Strength

Hakka Tulou (Earthen Buildings) represent a unique form of vernacular architecture in China. However, with the rapid advancement of modern construction, many unreported Hakka Tulou are gradually disappearing. To address this issue, it is imperative to explore, study, and protect these structures. This study aims to investigate the material properties of red soil, a primary construction material used in Hakka Tulou, and evaluate its role in enhancing the structural resilience of these buildings. Specifically, the research focuses on analyzing the shear strength, density, water content, plastic limit, and liquid limit of red soil, comparing its performance with that of loess. Through experimental testing, the findings demonstrate that red soil exhibits superior shear stress resistance compared to loess, particularly under increasing vertical pressure. These results not only provide a deeper understanding of the material properties that contribute to the durability of Hakka Tulou but also offer valuable insights for their preservation and regeneration. By integrating traditional cultural practices with sustainable materials, this study contributes to the development of effective preservation strategies for Hakka Tulou, ensuring their continued relevance in the face of modern challenges.