Risk environment influences affecting cocaine market expansion within post-conflict Northern Ireland

Findings highlight unique environmental influences affecting expanding cocaine markets in 'post-conflict' Northern Ireland. A holistic, public health-led, multi-agency and harm reduction approach is needed tackle paramilitary and organised crime coercive social control. Policy makers and service providers should routinely monitor local retail cocaine markets and provide rapid drug testing. Peer-led, trauma-informed harm reduction strategies are needed to mitigate potential cocaine-related harms among people who use drugs.