Diagnosis of pulmonary and extrapulmonary tuberculosis in children ≤5 years of age in Bhubaneswar, India, during 2016 to 2023

ies may be due to differences in population acetylator status or in fixed dose combination formulations used.No association was seen between diabetes and a reduced AUC0-24, Cmax or C2hr, however sex and weight were significantly associated with a lower rifampicin C2hr, and male individuals or those of an increased weight should be considered for TDM or empirical rifampicin dose increase.Conclusion: This study does not find a significant association between diabetes and reduced first-line TB drug exposure, and is unable therefore to provide evidence for the use of TDM to improve outcomes in this important group, with larger studies required to confirm this finding.