The Analysis of The Impact of Companies' Logistics 4.0 Awareness on Digital Transformation and Logistics Capabilities

The study aims to determine the awareness of Logistics 4.0 and examine its impact on businesses' digital transformation and logistics capabilities. A survey was distributed to businesses in the Istanbul Chamber of Commerce's transportation and logistics services committee using a sampling method, and 401 responses were received. It was found that Logistics 4.0 awareness has a significant impact on digital transformation. The sub-dimensions of Logistics 4.0 awareness—business model products and services, process management, information systems infrastructure, and evaluation variables—were found to have significant effects on digital transformation. However, the marketing and customer outreach variable did not have a significant effect on digital transformation. It was also concluded that Logistics 4.0 awareness has a significant effect on logistics capabilities. When examining the impact of the sub-dimensions of Logistics 4.0 awareness on logistics service differentiation and logistics innovation, it was found that marketing and customer outreach, and process management had no significant effect on logistics service differentiation, but did affect logistics innovation. On the other hand, business model products and services, information systems infrastructure, and evaluation variables were found to have a significant effect on logistics service differentiation but no effect on logistics innovation. The study highlights that businesses' awareness of Logistics 4.0 plays a critical role in both accelerating digital transformation processes and developing logistics capabilities. The research contributes theoretically and methodologically by emphasizing that digitalization is not only a technological innovation but also a strategic tool for businesses to enhance their logistics capabilities and gain a competitive advantage.