Observation of the $$ {K}^{+}\to {\pi}^{+}\nu \overline{\nu} $$ decay and measurement of its branching ratio

A bstract A measurement of the $$ {K}^{+}\to {\pi}^{+}\nu \overline{\nu} $$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:msup> <mml:mi>K</mml:mi> <mml:mo>+</mml:mo> </mml:msup> <mml:mo>→</mml:mo> <mml:msup> <mml:mi>π</mml:mi> <mml:mo>+</mml:mo> </mml:msup> <mml:mi>ν</mml:mi> <mml:mover> <mml:mi>ν</mml:mi> <mml:mo>¯</mml:mo> </mml:mover> </mml:math> decay by the NA62 experiment at the CERN SPS is presented, using data collected in 2021 and 2022. This dataset was recorded, after modifications to the beamline and detectors, at a higher instantaneous beam intensity with respect to the 2016–2018 data taking. Combining NA62 data collected in 2016–2022, a measurement of $$ \mathcal{B}\left({K}^{+}\to {\pi}^{+}\nu \overline{\nu}\right)=\left({13.0}_{-3.0}^{+3.3}\right)\times {10}^{-11} $$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:mi>B</mml:mi> <mml:mfenced> <mml:mrow> <mml:msup> <mml:mi>K</mml:mi> <mml:mo>+</mml:mo> </mml:msup> <mml:mo>→</mml:mo> <mml:msup> <mml:mi>π</mml:mi> <mml:mo>+</mml:mo> </mml:msup> <mml:mi>ν</mml:mi> <mml:mover> <mml:mi>ν</mml:mi> <mml:mo>¯</mml:mo> </mml:mover> </mml:mrow> </mml:mfenced> <mml:mo>=</mml:mo> <mml:mfenced> <mml:msubsup> <mml:mn>13.0</mml:mn> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo>−</mml:mo> <mml:mn>3.0</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo>+</mml:mo> <mml:mn>3.3</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> </mml:msubsup> </mml:mfenced> <mml:mo>×</mml:mo> <mml:msup> <mml:mn>10</mml:mn> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo>−</mml:mo> <mml:mn>11</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> </mml:msup> </mml:math> is reported. With 51 signal candidates observed and an expected background of $$ {18}_{-2}^{+3} $$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:msubsup> <mml:mn>18</mml:mn> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo>−</mml:mo> <mml:mn>2</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo>+</mml:mo> <mml:mn>3</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> </mml:msubsup> </mml:math> events, $$ \mathcal{B}\left({K}^{+}\to {\pi}^{+}\nu \overline{\nu}\right) $$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:mi>B</mml:mi> <mml:mfenced> <mml:mrow> <mml:msup> <mml:mi>K</mml:mi> <mml:mo>+</mml:mo> </mml:msup> <mml:mo>→</mml:mo> <mml:msup> <mml:mi>π</mml:mi> <mml:mo>+</mml:mo> </mml:msup> <mml:mi>ν</mml:mi> <mml:mover> <mml:mi>ν</mml:mi> <mml:mo>¯</mml:mo> </mml:mover> </mml:mrow> </mml:mfenced> </mml:math> becomes the smallest branching ratio measured with a signal significance above 5 σ .

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Journal
Journal of High Energy Physics
Published
2025-02-27
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/jhep02(2025)191
Citations
10
Primary Topic
Particle physics theoretical and experimental studies
Type
article
Field-Weighted Citation Impact
18.70

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article

Observation of the $$ {K}^{+}\to {\pi}^{+}\nu \overline{\nu} $$ decay and measurement of its branching ratio

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10 citations
Journal of High Energy Physics
Particle physics theoretical and experimental studies
18.70
article

Observation of the $$ {K}^{+}\to {\pi}^{+}\nu \overline{\nu} $$ decay and measurement of its branching ratio

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article en
10 citations

Abstract

A bstract A measurement of the $$ {K}^{+}\to {\pi}^{+}\nu \overline{\nu} $$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:msup> <mml:mi>K</mml:mi> <mml:mo>+</mml:mo> </mml:msup> <mml:mo>→</mml:mo> <mml:msup> <mml:mi>π</mml:mi> <mml:mo>+</mml:mo> </mml:msup> <mml:mi>ν</mml:mi> <mml:mover> <mml:mi>ν</mml:mi> <mml:mo>¯</mml:mo> </mml:mover> </mml:math> decay by the NA62 experiment at the CERN SPS is presented, using data collected in 2021 and 2022. This dataset was recorded, after modifications to the beamline and detectors, at a higher instantaneous beam intensity with respect to the 2016–2018 data taking. Combining NA62 data collected in 2016–2022, a measurement of $$ \mathcal{B}\left({K}^{+}\to {\pi}^{+}\nu \overline{\nu}\right)=\left({13.0}_{-3.0}^{+3.3}\right)\times {10}^{-11} $$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:mi>B</mml:mi> <mml:mfenced> <mml:mrow> <mml:msup> <mml:mi>K</mml:mi> <mml:mo>+</mml:mo> </mml:msup> <mml:mo>→</mml:mo> <mml:msup> <mml:mi>π</mml:mi> <mml:mo>+</mml:mo> </mml:msup> <mml:mi>ν</mml:mi> <mml:mover> <mml:mi>ν</mml:mi> <mml:mo>¯</mml:mo> </mml:mover> </mml:mrow> </mml:mfenced> <mml:mo>=</mml:mo> <mml:mfenced> <mml:msubsup> <mml:mn>13.0</mml:mn> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo>−</mml:mo> <mml:mn>3.0</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo>+</mml:mo> <mml:mn>3.3</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> </mml:msubsup> </mml:mfenced> <mml:mo>×</mml:mo> <mml:msup> <mml:mn>10</mml:mn> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo>−</mml:mo> <mml:mn>11</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> </mml:msup> </mml:math> is reported. With 51 signal candidates observed and an expected background of $$ {18}_{-2}^{+3} $$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:msubsup> <mml:mn>18</mml:mn> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo>−</mml:mo> <mml:mn>2</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo>+</mml:mo> <mml:mn>3</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> </mml:msubsup> </mml:math> events, $$ \mathcal{B}\left({K}^{+}\to {\pi}^{+}\nu \overline{\nu}\right) $$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:mi>B</mml:mi> <mml:mfenced> <mml:mrow> <mml:msup> <mml:mi>K</mml:mi> <mml:mo>+</mml:mo> </mml:msup> <mml:mo>→</mml:mo> <mml:msup> <mml:mi>π</mml:mi> <mml:mo>+</mml:mo> </mml:msup> <mml:mi>ν</mml:mi> <mml:mover> <mml:mi>ν</mml:mi> <mml:mo>¯</mml:mo> </mml:mover> </mml:mrow> </mml:mfenced> </mml:math> becomes the smallest branching ratio measured with a signal significance above 5 σ .

Journal of High Energy PhysicsVol. 2025(2)
L. N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University (KZ), University of Rome Tor Vergata (IT), University of Modena and Reggio Emilia (IT), Università degli Studi del Piemonte Orientale “Amedeo Avogadro” (IT), Universidad de Guanajuato (MX), University of British Columbia (CA), Université de Toulon (FR), Scuola Normale Superiore (IT), George Mason University (US), Al-Farabi Kazakh National University (KZ), Autonomous University of San Luis Potosí (MX), Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz (DE), Charles University (CZ), Aix-Marseille Université (FR), University of Bristol (GB), Max Planck Institute for Physics (DE), Horia Hulubei National Institute for R and D in Physics and Nuclear Engineering (RO), Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Torino (IT), Lancaster University Ghana (GH), Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Ferrara (IT), Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Napoli (IT), Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Roma Tor Vergata (IT), Institute for Nuclear Research and Nuclear Energy (BG), Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Genova (IT), Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Firenze (IT), Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati (IT), Scuola Superiore Meridionale (IT), Gran Sasso Science Institute (IT), Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Roma I (IT), Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Pisa (IT), Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Perugia (IT), École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (CH), Sofia University "St. Kliment Ohridski" (BG), Technical University of Munich (DE), European Organization for Nuclear Research (CH), Syracuse University (US), Comenius University Bratislava (SK), University of Glasgow (GB), University of Birmingham (GB), UCLouvain (BE), Stanford University (US)
CERN, Ministerstvo Školství, Mládeže a Tělovýchovy, Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung, Fonds De La Recherche Scientifique - FNRS, Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología, Ministero dell’Istruzione, dell’Università e della Ricerca, Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada, Science and Technology Facilities Council
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Particle physics theoretical and experimental studies
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