Attenuation characteristic of stress-wave in load-bearing soft-rock under different impact loading

Abstract To explore the wave development law affected by impact loading, taking the sandstone of a tunnel as the material, this paper analyzed its development characteristics. The results show that stress significantly affects the propagation of stress waves. The peak of the compressive wave gradually decreases, and its waveform remains similar throughout. The stress influences the frequency spectrum characteristic. The frequency spectrum value initially shows a stage response law. Under the same load environment, the main frequency has a significant peak, and there is no secondary main frequency. In the low-stress environment, the main-frequency attenuation rate has high dispersion, and the data generally decreases nonlinearly. With the increase of the load value, the attenuation rate slows down, showing a typical linear development trend. The findings are of great significance for exploring the deterioration mechanism of sedimentary rock.