Bacterial ligands in complex treatment of community-acquired pneumonia in organized groups

Despite the successes achieved in treating community-acquired pneumonia (CAP), tactics still need to be improved, especially when forming new organized collectives of military personnel. The purpose of the study was to examine clinical and immunological features of action of an immunotropic drug of bacterial origin Immunovac-VP-4 in complex treatment of mild community-acquired pneumonia in newly recruited military personnel. The study included 35 patients (main group 1) hospitalized with mild CAP who, in addition to basic antibacterial therapy, were treated with the Immunovac-VP-4 vaccine. Control group 2 consisted of 53 patients who received only basic antibacterial therapy. Immunovac-VP-4 contains lysates of Staphylococcus aureus , Klebsiella pneumoniae , Proteus vulgaris , Escherichia coli and was prescribed according to the nasal-subcutaneous regimen from 1 to 13 days of hospital stay. The mechanism of action is based on activating key effectors of innate and adaptive immunity. In the main group there were an increase of respiratory function indicators, production of IgG antibodies to all antigens of the drug, a relative decrease in IL-6 and IFN-γ concentration in blood serum after administration of a bacterial immunomodulator. Including the multicomponent antibacterial vaccine in subcutaneous-nasal regimen in complex treatment of mild CAP can be recommended as one of the treatment methods leading to the normalization of inflammatory mediators and the prevention of respiratory infections in this cohort of patients.