Satellite remote sensing – A modern tool for monitoring mites (Acari)

Abstract In the present day, it has become extremely important to protect and use natural resources in a “smart” way, focusing on sustainability. Modern techniques which can provide information on the spatial variation, extent, potential and limitations of natural resources can be very useful for human society. Remote sensing technology works by measuring and recording the reflection and the emission of electromagnetic radiation from the target area using sensors. Research projects using this technique for monitoring arthropod diversity are scarce. In this paper we review the pros and cons of using satellite remote sensing for the monitoring of mites. We also discuss those fields for which this technique may be most suitable, and which are the best remote sensing indices to use. In total, 60 scientific papers were analysed and 55 remote sensing indices were assessed. Five indices stood out in terms of their frequency of use, being calculated not only for agricultural fields, orchards or greenhouses, but also in research connected with human health. Application of remote sensing methods to practical management requires: a) determining the scale at which mite invasion can reliably be estimated; b) improving the standardisation of aerial imagery; c) quantifying the environmental factors influencing the imagery; and d) conducting ground-level studies. Remote sensing should enable the effective monitoring of management outcomes and support sustainable land use.