Ten-year Follow-up Study of Patients with Persistent Atrial Fibrillation Treated by Combined Pulmonary Vein Isolation and Complex Fractionated Electrogram Ablation

A high recurrence rate of ATA was observed after index procedure of pulmonary vein isolation plus CFAE ablation in patients with persistent AF. No significant difference in freedom of ATA was found between persistent and long-standing persistent AF groups beyond 1 year. The incidence of postablation AFL was particularly high, even after multiple ablations.