Towards a Net Zero Cement: Strategic Policies and Systems Thinking for a Low-Carbon Future

Abstract Purpose of Review The cement industry, responsible for 7–8% of global greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, faces growing pressure to mitigate its environmental impact while maintaining its critical role in global infrastructure and economic development. This report explores comprehensive strategies to decarbonize the sector, emphasizing the integration of innovative technologies, sustainable practices, and robust policy frameworks. Recent Findings Key technological solutions include carbon capture, utilization, and storage (CCUS); electrification of heat; adoption of alternative fuels; and the utilization of supplementary cementitious materials (SCMs) such as calcined clays and alternative materials. Additionally, emerging advancements like 3D printing, CO₂ mineralization, and biobased materials promise to revolutionize construction methods while reducing emissions. Policy interventions such as carbon pricing, cap-and-trade systems, research grants, tax incentives, and regulatory standards play a pivotal role in enabling this transition. Demand-side measures, including sustainable construction practices, recycling, and green procurement policies, further drive industry-wide adoption of low-carbon solutions. Summary Through a systems-thinking approach, this paper advocates for reducing material intensity across all stages of production and design, leveraging circular economy principles, and fostering resilient, low-carbon construction. Highlighting global initiatives, the study offers actionable insights for achieving net-zero targets in the cement industry by aligning stakeholders across the value chain to drive climate action while promoting equity, environmental justice, and economic sustainability.