Successive thromboembolism in splenic and portal veins of a dog with chronic kidney disease and pancreatitis – case report

Thrombus refers to macrovascular sparing, which interrupts partially or completely blood flow. Its formation involves Virchow's triad, characterized by three main predisposing factors: endothelial injury, vascular stasis and hypercoagulability. The case reported was a canine, with a history of three thrombotic formations at different times of life, one in the splenic vein, undergoing splenectomy, and the other two in the right branch of the portal vein, undergoing surgical excision. The patient was under treatment with antithrombotic therapy, but with no response. Due to an uncompensated chronic kidney disease, the animal died a few weeks after the last procedure, with a cause of death of cardiogenic shock. It is mainly suspected that acute chronic kidney disease is the main cause of thrombosis, associated with chronic pancreatitis that re-aggravated in the first postoperative. However, the formation of thromboembolism is multifactorial, and its development and occurrence is still not fully elucidated. Thus, more studies and tests are needed, such as thromboelastometry.