Candida albicans Pacemaker Lead Endocarditis: A Case Report

Fungal endocarditis (FE) is a rare yet potentially life-threatening complication of permanent cardiac pacing, most commonly caused by species of the genera <i>Candida</i> and <i>Aspergillus</i>. The diagnosis is challenging, as the clinical presentation of FE is usually nonspecific and insidious. A high level of clinical suspicion is required, particularly in patients with implantable pacemakers presenting with unexplained fever. Early diagnosis is crucial for effective and prompt management, which generally relies on a combined medical and surgical approach. We report a case of fungal pacemaker lead endocarditis caused by Candida albicans in a 68-year-old man, which was successfully treated with a multidisciplinary approach combining surgical explantation and antifungal therapy.