Modelling of faults in HVDC systems in the outage calculation for congestion management

With the increasing penetration of the European transmission grid with HVDC systems, the handling of faults in the HVDC system is increasingly coming into focus. For some years, there has been a de velopment from point-to-point (P2P) connections to multi-terminal HVDC systems (MTDC systems). A fault on an HVDC line can result in a loss of transport capacity whereas converter faults can lead to a situation where no feed-in or feed-out is possible at the connected grid node. If the power from the HVDC system is fed into the AC grid, congestion can occur there. Due to the increased integration of HVDC systems into the European transmission grid, the outages of HVDC converters and HVDC lines must be consi dered in future outage calculations. As the converters are actively controllable components, the effect of the loss of the controller within the converter must al so be taken into account. The aim of the work is therefore to propose a model to simulate outa ges in HVDC systems and their effect on the AC grid. Exemplary results on a modified IEEE 118 node network show that the (n-1) outage of a bipole converter leads to a load flow shift in the AC. The system balance of the HVDC system and the effects of the c ontrol strategies are taken into account. The result of the outage calculation can be used as input for a subsequent congestion management simulation.