Navigating the impact of huge electrical demand on grid through intelligently controlled renewables and emerging V2G technology

Among the biggest initiatives to help the UK reach its Net Zero goal are the conversion of the power grid to renewable energy sources (RESs) and the switch to all-electric vehicles (EVs) by 2050. However, because of the advent of dispersed unconventional energy sources and electric vehicles (EVs), the full switch to renewable energy sources and EVs poses a possible risk to power system stability, power quality, and energy management. To intelligently regulate the flow of energy and enhance the current power system, it is crucial to employ appropriate energy management strategies. This paper aims to establish a microgrid that is grid-connected and utilises multiple energy sources, including solar, battery energy storage, and electric vehicles. The goal is to create an intelligent algorithm that efficiently controls these resources and mainly enable bi-directional EV operation for vehicle-to-grid (V2G) application, resulting in both financial and environmental advantages. The main objective is to maximise the microgrid's overall profitability while minimising carbon emissions and effectively managing energy demand and network stability. It has been shown that utilising EVs as storage units via beneficial V2G technology not only stabilises renewable energy generation but also provides economic advantages.