Limonoid Extracted from Chisocheton macrophyllus Seeds and Their Cytotoxic Activity against MCF-7 Breast Cancer Cell Lines

Meliaceae family consists of various plants that have been used as a source of medicinal plants and limonoid compounds. Limonoid is a compound group of terpenoid which has many bioactivities. One of the species from Meliaceae which produced limonoids is Chisocheton macrophyllus. The n-hexane fraction of the C. macrophyllus seed afforded 3 limonoids, namely 7-deacetylepoxyazadiradione (1), 6α-acetoxydeoxygedunin (2) and 6α-acetoxygedunin (3). Data from a variety of spectroscopic techniques, including as mass spectroscopy, FTIR, 1- and 2-dimensional NMR, were used to identify the secondary metabolite structures, and the PrestoBlueTM, method was used for the cytotoxic assay. Compound (2), known as 6α-acetoxydeoxygedunin, was first reported in this genus. MCF-7 breast cancer cell lines have also been used to assess limonoids compounds (1 - 3). The 2 and 3 were categorized as weak with an IC50 value of 231.26 and 475.87 µg/mL, while compound 1 showed inactive with IC50 values of > 500 µg/mL. These findings encourage further exploration of Meliaceae plants for new bioactive compounds and advance the development of novel cancer treatments. HIGHLIGHTS The n-hexane fraction of the seeds of Chisocheton macrophyllus, yielded three limonoids, 7-deacetylepoxyazadiradione (1), 6α-acetoxydeoxygedunin (2), and 6α-acetoxygedunin (3). 6α-acetoxydeoxygedunin (2) is reported for the first time in this genus, expanding the known chemical diversity of Chisocheton The structures of these compounds were identified through advanced spectroscopic techniques, including mass spectrometry, FTIR, and one- and two-dimensional NMR. Cytotoxicity tests against MCF-7 breast cancer cells showed that compounds 2 and 3 were weakly active with IC50 values of 231.26 μg/mL and 475.87 μg/mL, respectively, while compound 1 was inactive with an IC50 value >500 μg/mL. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT