Tunable Metasurface Unit with Dual Functionality

This paper introduces a dual-functional broadband reconfigurable metasurface unit that integrates reflection and absorption capabilities. The unit adopts the coupling mode of square metal patch layer and side metal column, which allows for flexible switching of its electromagnetic response characteristics by adjusting the bias current through control diodes. Simulation results demonstrate that, for reflection performance, within the 6.973GHz to 12.104GHz range (53.8% relative bandwidth), the unit's reflection amplitude is consistently greater than -1.1dB, while the reflection phase difference is stably maintained within a range of 180°±20°. For absorption performance, within the 7.20GHz to 12.13GHz range, the unit's reflection amplitude is consistently less than -10dB. The unit operates across the entire x-band frequency range (8GHz to 12GHz), making it effective for beam steering and absorption.