Reconfigurable Broadband Electromagnetic Wave Absorbing Metamaterials Based on Graphene

This paper proposes a reconfigurable broadband electromagnetic wave absorbing metamaterial based on graphene. By employing a cascaded resonance structure composed of multilayer patterned resistive films, broadband electromagnetic absorption is achieved. To enable reconfigurable electromagnetic properties, graphene is incorporated into the metamaterial structure. The impedance of graphene, adjustable via voltage bias, allows active control of the absorption performance of the metamaterial. Simulation results indicate that the designed absorbing metamaterial achieves a minimum absorption rate of 90% within the frequency range of 1.32 GHz to 20 GHz, corresponding to a relative bandwidth of 175.2%. The profile thickness is only 0.11λ<inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">0</inf>, and the design exhibits polarization insensitivity and excellent incident angle stability. Furthermore, by tuning the sheet resistance of graphene, the minimum absorption rate can be actively adjusted from 90% to 35%. This absorbing metamaterial has broad applications in stealth technology, enabling electromagnetic camouflage and deception in different electromagnetic scattering backgrounds.