What causes cyberbullying among Asian school students: A systematic literature review

Introduction: The pervasiveness of cyberbullying among school children has been a significant issue since the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic. Objective: The aim of this Systematic Literature Review (SLR) was to examine and summarize the causes of cyberbullying perpetration among students in the Asian region. This review aims to provide comprehensive and well-structured insights for scholars interested in studying the occurrence of cyberbullying. Methods: Relevant articles and studies were sourced from the Scopus, Science Direct, and Education Resources Information Center (ERIC) databases. After applying quality approval according to the PRISMA 2020 protocol, 21 articles were identified for inclusion in the SLR. Results: The thematic analysis of the data revealed four emerging themes: individual factors, family engagement, peer affiliation, and school climate. These four themes were divided into 14 sub-themes. The findings from this SLR indicate that the factors contributing to cyberbullying perpetration are varied and unique to the local population. Understanding the causes of bullying is crucial for developing effective intervention programs. Conclusion: This review will provide valuable insights into how stakeholders can effectively address and mitigate cyberbullying behavior among students.