A Holy Human Spirit

Abstract Luke’s use of πνεῦμα ἅγιον stands out from the other phrases that he utilises in Luke-Acts, due to its anarthrous form. While most scholars understand the anarthrous phrase πνεῦμα ἅγιον as a one-of-a-kind expression, the presence of other πνεῦμα , both divine and human, in Luke-Acts indicates that the anarthrous phrase πνεῦμα ἅγιον might refer to something other than the Holy Spirit. In this article, I posit that the anarthrous phrase πνεῦμα ἅγιον refers to a holy human spirit in Luke 4:1 and Acts 2:4. That is, πνεῦμα ἅγιον describes the resultant state of the human spirit after the Holy Spirit has come upon a person.