FEATURES OF REMODELING OF STRUCTURAL COMPONENTS OF RAT KIDNEYS USING VARIOUS REHYDRATION METHODS AFTER SEVERE GENERAL DEHYDRATION

When restoring water balance after dehydration, it is important to consider a number of factors, since the wrong correction can be harmful and have undesirable consequences. The purpose of the study: to establish the features of the influence of various methods of rehydration after general dehydration on the structural reorganization of the kidneys of white rats. The experiments were conducted on white rats. General dehydration was simulated by feeding dry oats without access to water for 10 days. In 3 groups, water balance was restored with dosed drinking water consumption, unlimited water consumption and unlimited consumption of saline. The study was conducted after 1, 3, 6 and 10 days. Morphometric studies of histological sections of the kidneys included determination of: the area of the glomerulus with the capsule, the area of the capillary loops of the glomerulus and the area of the urinary space. The use of different methods of rehydration after dehydration has a qualitatively identical, but quantitatively different effect on the recovery processes in the kidneys, which are based on different types of reactions of blood vessels. With unlimited consumption of drinking water, an increase in the tone of smooth muscle membranes with thickening of the walls of the arteries was observed after just one day. Moreover, if in the interlobular arteries this was a progression of the process that arose as a result of dehydration, then in the arcuate and interlobular arteries dehydration initially caused dilatation reactions, and they were replaced by reactions of the opposite direction. As a result, due to edema of the tubular epithelium surrounding the renal corpuscles, the latter decreased in size. The size of the capillary glomeruli also decreased. The urinary spaces continued to remain dilated. After 3 days of the recovery period, reversible changes were noted in the renal corpuscles and vessels, which continued in the next 6 and 10 days of observation. Similar, but quantitatively less pronounced were the changes with unlimited use of saline solution. The most effective qualitatively was the dosed use of water. Thus, the use of different methods of restoring water balance after dehydration has a qualitatively identical, but quantitatively different effect on the structural reorganization of the kidneys. The most effective qualitatively and quantitatively was the dosed use of water.