Comparison between hysterosalpingography and three-dimensional sonohysterography in infertile women

Background and aim Infertility is characterized as the failure to achieve conception naturally following 1 year of consistent sexual activity that is unprotected. This study aimed to compare three-dimensional sonohysterography (3D-SIS) versus radiograph hysterosalpingography (HSG) in the evaluation of infertile ladies. Patients and methods This cross-section study was performed on 50 infertile women who underwent 3D-SIS and standard HSG between 7th and 12th day of their menstrual cycles from patients visiting the gynecological clinic at Al-Azhar University outpatient facility in Assiut. Results Regarding tubal patency and tubal blocking in HSG and 3D-SIS, there were highly significant differences ( P <0.001). Regarding intrauterine lesions in HSG and 3D-SIS, there were highly significant differences which represent that 3D-SIS was more accurate and specific than HSG ( P <0.001). Visual analog scale score pain value, HSG represents 48% mild pain, 34% moderate, and 18% severe pain, while; 3D-SIS represents 70% mild pain, 28% moderate, and 2% severe pain. Regarding pain value in HSG and 3D-SIS, there were highly significant differences, which represents that pain was tolerable in 3D-SIS other than HSG ( P <0.001). Conclusion 3D-SIS provides the best outcomes alternative to HSG in infertile women regarding tubal patency, intrauterine lesion, and pain. The elevated sensitivity of HSG has rendered it an effective screening instrument for intrauterine anomalies.