Cloudnativesim: A Toolkit for Modeling and Simulation of Cloud‐Native Applications

ABSTRACT Background Cloud‐native applications are increasingly becoming popular in modern software design. Employing a microservice‐based architecture into these applications is a prevalent strategy that enhances system availability and flexibility. However, cloud‐native applications introduce new challenges, including frequent inter‐service communication and the management of heterogeneous codebases and hardware, resulting in unpredictable complexity and dynamism. Furthermore, as applications scale, only limited research teams or enterprises possess the resources for large‐scale deployment and testing, which impedes progress in the cloud‐native domain. Aims To address these challenges, we propose CloudNativeSim, a simulator for cloud‐native applications with a microservice‐based architecture. Results CloudNativeSim offers several key benefits: (i) comprehensive and dynamic modeling for cloud‐native applications, (ii) an extended simulation framework with new policy interfaces for scheduling cloud‐native applications, and (iii) support for customized application scenarios and user feedback based on Quality of Service (QoS) metrics. Conclusion CloudNativeSim can be easily deployed on standard computers to manage a high volume of requests and services. Its performance was validated through a case study, demonstrating higher than 94.5% accuracy in terms of response time simulation. The study further highlights the feasibility of CloudNativeSim by illustrating the effects of various scaling policies.