Friction Stir Weld Strength Evaluation and Mechanical Characteristics Investigation on AA 6082 with Various Tool Shoulders

The design of the friction stir welding tool controls the transverse rate at which FSW may be performed and is crucial to material flow. Three main purposes are performed by the tool: (a) heating the work piece; (b) moving material to create the joint; and (c) holding the hot metal under the tool shoulder. Friction between the rotating tool pin and shoulder as well as significant plastic deformation of the work cause heating within the work piece. The purpose of the tool shoulder is to contain the softened, plasticized metal underneath it and to apply heat to the surface of the material being welded by rotating the tool and applying a significant compressive force. One of the key elements of the friction stir welding process is comprehending the temperature generation surrounding the tool shoulder contact. The current study examined how different tool shoulder end features affected the 6082 aluminum alloy's mechanical characteristics and temperature. Convex tool shoulders provide the highest level of weld quality across all types when compared to other tool shoulders, according to the same criterion we used during the FSW joining procedure of AA6082.In the end, it was determined that the FSW of AA6082 would benefit greatly by tapper cylindrical, concave tool shoulders.