Integrated petrophysical evaluation of Sarvak, Gadvan, and Fahliyan formations in the Zagros Area: insights into reservoir characterization and hydrocarbon potential

The Zagros region is renowned for its complex geological formations, particularly the Sarvak, Gadvan, and Fahliyan formations. These formations present significant challenges for effective reservoir characterization due to their inherent heterogeneity and non-uniformities. This study aims to conduct a comprehensive petrophysical evaluation to enhance the understanding of reservoir behavior and optimize hydrocarbon exploration strategies. Advanced petrophysical log analysis software (GEOLOG) was utilized to construct a detailed petrophysical database from wireline, core, and special core analysis (SCAL) data collected from five strategically selected wells. Key results indicate significant variations in reservoir parameters, with average porosity values ranging from 15 to 18% in the Sarvak Formation, 10–11% in the Fahliyan Formation, and 12–13% in the Gadvan Formation. Permeability values were found to vary from 1.5 mD to 2.5 mD in the Sarvak Formation, while the Fahliyan Formation exhibited lower permeability values between 0.5 mD and 1.0 mD. Water saturation levels were estimated at approximately 30–35% for the Sarvak Formation and 50–55% for the Fahliyan Formation. These findings underscore the necessity of integrated data analysis in understanding reservoir behavior and highlight the potential for optimizing hydrocarbon recovery in the Zagros area. This research contributes novel insights into the petrophysical properties of the Zagros formations, emphasizing the importance of comprehensive data integration in enhancing the accuracy of reservoir characterization. The results provide a solid foundation for future exploration initiatives to maximize hydrocarbon recovery in this geologically complex region.