Occurrence of an Old World Begomovirus Complex Infecting Radish in South of Nepal

Radish (Raphanus sativus) leaf curl disease (RLCD) characterized by yellowing, color breaking, and mosaic symptoms were observed in a garden at Chitwan, Southern Nepal. Polymerase chain reaction using Taq DNA polymerase followed by rolling circle amplification using φ29 polymerase identified an Old World begomovirus complex linked with the RLCD. Pairwise sequence identity with SDT (Sequence Demarcation Tool) analysis coupled with phylogenetic analysis confirmed an Ageratum yellow vein virus (AYVV) and Tomato leaf curl Java betasatellite (ToLCJaB) was responsible to cause RLCD. This study provided initial evidence that radish plants were naturally infected with AYVV and ToLCuJaB in southern Nepal.