Influence of Pavement Material and Structure on Low-Temperature Crack Resistance for Double-Layer Asphalt Surface One-Time Paving

The double-layer one-time-paving technology for asphalt mixtures enhances the interlayer adhesion and stability of pavement by simultaneously laying and compacting two layers of asphalt mixture, demonstrating improvements over traditional layer-by-layer paving and compaction methods. Based on this technology, the effects of paving techniques, mixture types, and structural layer thickness on the low-temperature crack resistance of pavement at -10 °C were investigated. Results indicated that, compared to traditional paving methods, the maximum tensile strain and bending strain energy density of pavement using the double-layer one-time-paving technique increased by at least 14% and 20%, respectively, under a 95% confidence level. Compared to the AC-13 + AC-25 mixture combination, the AC-16 + AC-20, AC-16 + AC-25, and AC-13 + AC-20 combinations showed increases in maximum tensile strain by at least 25%, 15%, and 15%, and in bending strain energy density by at least 57%, 38%, and 31%, respectively. Compared to the 5 cm + 5 cm thickness combination, the 4 cm + 6 cm and 3 cm + 7 cm combinations exhibited increases in maximum tensile strain by at least 14% and 22%, and in bending strain energy density by at least 16% and 29%, respectively. To effectively improve the low-temperature crack resistance of asphalt pavement at -10 °C, it is recommended to adopt a double-layer one-time-paving structure with a 3 cm AC-16 upper layer and a 7 cm AC-20 lower layer, providing insights for more durable asphalt pavements in cold climates.