Comparison of Bispectral Index versus. End-Tidal Anaesthetic Gas Concentration Guided Protocols for Time to Tracheal Extubation in Paediatric Patients Undergoing Surgical Procedures under General Anaesthesia: A Prospective Randomized Controlled Study

Background: An optimal anaesthesia protocol is critical for paediatric patients undergoing surgery to ensure smooth recovery and minimize complications. This study compares the impact of Bispectral Index (BIS) and End-Tidal Anaesthetic Gas (ETAG) concentration-guided protocols on tracheal extubation time in paediatric patients. Methods: A prospective randomized controlled study was conducted on 60 paediatric patients (4-12 years) undergoing general anaesthesia. Patients were divided into BIS-guided (Group B) and ETAG-guided (Group E) protocols. Various parameters, including age, gender, duration of surgery, duration of anaesthesia, and time to extubation, were analyzed using statistical methods such as Chi-Square Test, Analysis of Variance (ANOVA), and Logistic Regression. Results: No significant differences were found in demographic characteristics, surgery duration, anaesthesia duration, or time for extubation between the two groups. Both monitoring techniques demonstrated comparable efficacy in maintaining appropriate anaesthesia levels and ensuring a smooth recovery process. Conclusion: The study concludes that BIS and ETAG-guided protocols are equally effective in maintaining optimal anaesthesia levels and facilitating a seamless recovery for paediatric patients. While the monitoring techniques are not interchangeable in all clinical scenarios, this research provides valuable insights for anaesthesia management