Вплив перенесеного COVID-19 на основні чинники кардіоваскулярного ризику в осіб різного віку

The aim – to clarify the impact of SARS-CoV-2 on the development of metabolic disorders in middle-aged and elderly people in the period from 1 to 3 months after suffering from the disease of COVID-19.Materials and methods. All of included in our study people was divided anthropometric measurements, capillaroscopy, aggregometry, a standard glucose-tolerance test with determination of the index of insulin resistance and functional activity of β-cells of the pancreas, parameters of the lipid spectrum of blood serum were determined and risk indices of cardiovascular diseases and diabetes were assessed too. Results and discussion. Ours results showed an increase in cardiovascular risk indicators (Castelli, Boizel, SCORE-2 indices) and type 2 diabetes after COVID-19 disease. A very high index of cardiovascular risk according to the SCORE-2 scale was determined in the older age group, especially in those who were illness with COVID-19. The glucose concentration and insulin after the COVID-19 disease in middle-aged persons is higher than in persons without a history of COVID-19, accompanied by an increase in the functional activity of β-cells, which indicates a significant stress on the islet apparatus of the pancreas, presumably compensatory. On the contrary, in the elderly, a reduced functional reserve of β-cells of the islet apparatus of the pancreas was found, which probably determines their high risk of type 2 diabetes in the next 10 years according to the FINDRISK scale. An increase in the aggregation ability of platelets and changes in the nature of blood flow at the level of the microcirculatory link of the circulatory system were noted in persons who contracted COVID-19. Conclusions. Individuals with COVID-19 have higher cardiovascular risk score – Castelli, Boizel, SCORE-2, and type 2 diabetes. Middle-aged people already have prediabetic disorders, which are characterized not only by hyperglycemia, but also accompanied by hyperinsulinemia with insulin resistance against the background of increased functional activity of the islet apparatus of the pancreas. In the elderly, hyperglycemia is accompanied by a decrease in the functional activity of the islet apparatus of the pancreas with a decrease in insulin production and hyperglycemia. Probably, SARS-CoV-2 acts as a trigger for the manifestation of the disease, especially in the group of elderly people.