Theoretical basis of the formation of six-dimensional building information models

Solving the problem of effective management of construction projects at different stages of their life cycle is done by a lot of scientists. On the basis of various theoretical approaches are developed methodologies, the result of which are software products that significantly increase the efficiency of the design of buildings, but have a little influence on increasing the efficiency of managing other life cycles of the project, such as construction, which is the most expensive stage of project implementation and operation. Thus, for example, the result of the application of the system approach in the design of technical systems was the creation of a whole direction, which is defined as 3D modelling, and as a result, the development of a large number of software products. However, the practical implementation of the projects showed that the 3D model alone does not provide effective management of the construction process, which is primarily related to the effectiveness of cost management. For effective BIM, additional parameters are proposed in scientific literature – time and costs, which were defined as 4D and 5D models. Scientific searches for the integration of a 3D model with additional two parameters did not yield significant success, as they did not provide, first of all, the possibility of developing methodology for creating software product that would reflect the process of forming costs over time when creating construction products. The system approach which in addition to technical systems distinguishes socio-economic ones, made it possible develop a methodology designing organizational structures and also provided a synthesis of the technical system of the 3D model with the socio-economic system, which reflects the additional three parameters necessary for the formation of 4D, 5D and 6D models – the technological process that unfolds over time and the costs that are formed over time during the implementation of one or another technological operation and necessary for the construction of the object (3D model). Thus, on the basis of systemic approach, theoretical foundations for the formation of 4D, 5D and 6D construction information models are proposed, which make it possible to create software products that will be able to display the process of creating construction products in real time with the determination of their cost, which will ensure effective project management at all stages of their life cycle.