THE EFFECT OF NATIVE PROBIOTICS ON THE EXPRESSION OF BAX/ BCL2 ANTICANCER GENES IN HT-29 CANCER CELLS BY REAL TIME PCR METHOD

Background & Aims: Colorectal cancer is one of the most common malignant tumors in humans.Probiotics affect the balance of beneficial and harmful bacteria in the intestine, shifting this balance in favor of increasing the population of beneficial bacteria and providing health benefits.Therefore, the aim of the present study is to investigate the effect of indigenous probiotics on the expression of anticancer genes Bax and Bcl-2 in HT-29 cancer cells using the real-time PCR method. Materials & Methods:In this study, after culturing HT-29 cancer cells and treating them with probiotic extract, RNA extraction and cDNA synthesis were performed.Real-time PCR was performed using primers specific to the anti-cancer genes Bax and Bcl-2 in a Corbett device.The MTT assay was also performed to investigate the toxicity of the native probiotic extract. Results:The MTT assay showed that increasing the concentration of the studied extract caused a dosedependent decrease in cell viability.The IC50 value for the probiotic extract was calculated to be 300 g/mL.Additionally, the expression levels of Bax and Bcl-2 genes in cells treated with Lactococcus rhamnosus cell-free supernatant were 1.344 and 1.447, respectively, indicating an increase in the expression of these two genes.(The expression level of the Bax gene increased by 1.344-fold, and the expression level of the Bcl-2 gene increased by 1.447-fold in the treatment group compared to the control group (p < 0.05).It is necessary to mention the p-value.)Discussion: Considering the low toxicity of the probiotic extract in the MTT assay and the increase in the expression of Bax and Bcl-2 genes, it seems that probiotics can be used as therapeutic supplements in the prevention and treatment of gastrointestinal cancers.These findings indicate that indigenous probiotics can be used as a novel therapeutic strategy with high efficacy and low side effects for the treatment and prevention of colon cancer.