Climate Change and Health Risk Perception in the Community: A Study in the Jakarta Metropolitan Area

(1) Introduction: Indonesia is vulnerable to climate change’s impact. To adapt better, a study about community knowledge, attitudes, and behavior toward climate change is needed. This research aims to determine the perception of the health impacts caused and how urban communities (in the Jakarta area) respond to climate change, using a cross-sectional study to see the relationship between knowledge and attitudes towards behavior related to climate change. (2) Methods: This study used descriptive, analytical, observational, and quantitative methods with a cross-sectional design. In addition, the procedures were conducted in the Jakarta metropolitan area using a Google Form platform distributed through social media. Univariate, bivariate, and multivariate analyses were performed using IBM SPSS Statistics 22 software. (3) Results: The results showed that attitudes had a significant association with behavior toward climate change. Respondents had good knowledge of climate change but had negative attitudes and bad behavior. In addition, the impacts felt by the community were increasing heat waves, air pollution, and worsening health conditions. Most respondents were confident and believed that Indonesia could withstand these impacts. (4) Conclusions: Respondents in this study showed good knowledge of climate change and had a positive attitude towards adaptation and mitigation of climate change impacts. However, this is not reflected in their behavior because they predominantly show poor results. The government should be able to encourage changes in people’s behavior so that they are better prepared to deal with the impacts of climate change.