Optimal Operation of Energy Hub Considering Wind Turbine, Hydrogen and Water Networks

Energy hubs (EHs) have gained popularity for their efficient and eco-friendly performance. This paper aims to enhance the efficiency, cost-effectiveness, and environmental sustainability of EHs to ensure optimal power system operations. In this paper, a robust model that optimizes the operation of an EH system, taking into account the uncertainties of energy hub prices have been proposed. The proposed system includes wind turbine (WT), heat, hydrogen, gas, and water desalination networks integrated with the electrical grid. The proposed objective function for operation optimization is designed to minimize both operational and total emissions costs of EH components while the objective function for planning optimization is designed to size suitable battery energy storage (BESS) to meet at least 50% of the electricity needs from WT generation, by achieving the lowest levelized cost of energy (LCOE) for electrical energy storage system while maintaining an adequate share of wind energy generation. To solve the optimization problem of system operation for a day-ahead horizon, a two-objective mixed-integer linear programming (MILP) optimization problem is used considering different constraints of the EH system. Monte Carlo simulation is used to measure uncertainty and risk and to solve the planning optimization problem. The share of electricity supplied by the suitable size of BESS with respect to the surplus of the WT output, the total costs of the BESS, and optimal BESS size that avoided carbon emissions are reported. The results demonstrate that the proposed EH model effectively manages daily power system operations. This approach enhances energy system efficiency and sustainability, particularly as energy demands increase and carbon emissions need reduction.