A Swarm Intelligence Approach to Design Optimal Repeaters in Multilayer Graphene Nanoribbon Interconnects

a swarm intelligence approach is considered to solve the problem of finding optimum number and size of repeaters in multi-layer graphene nanoribbon interconnects in very large scale integrated circuits. The wire bandwidth which has strong effect on the signal integrity is incorporated in the cost function so that the optimum values are obtained under the condition of maximum possible bandwidth. The optimum size and number of repeaters in various wire lengths and wire widths are calculated with and without inclusion of the wire bandwidth in the cost function and the results are compared. Results show that if the wire bandwidth is included in the cost function, the number of repeaters increases while their size reduces. In contrary without the inclusion of bandwidth in the cost function, less number of repeaters are needed while their size must be increased.