Micro Patch Log-Periodic Antenna with Dielectric Resonator 6 GHz MODEM for Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks (VANET's)

This paper presents the design and analysis of a Micro Patch Log-Periodic Antenna integrated with a dielectric resonator, optimized for vehicular ad hoc networks (VANETs) and operating within the 1–6 GHz frequency range. The antenna also incorporates a GPS element and a dedicated 2.5 GHz antenna for ISM devices and sensor interfaces. A comprehensive evaluation of the antenna's performance is conducted, focusing on critical parameters: electric field (E-field) distribution, gain, and Voltage Standing Wave Ratio (VSWR). The E-field distribution exhibits multiple lobes indicative of efficient radiation across various angles, although certain resonators display inefficiencies, suggesting a need for optimization in size and positioning. The gain analysis reveals a maximum gain of 2.19 dB, providing moderate efficiency typical for wideband applications; however, enhancements could improve directivity and overall performance. The VSWR plot highlights effective impedance matching at specific frequencies (notably 2.5 GHz, 4.5 GHz, and 6 GHz) while indicating significant reflection losses at higher frequencies. To enhance the antenna's functionality, recommendations include optimizing the arrangement of dielectric resonators, adjusting the patch and feedline design for better impedance matching, and exploring alternative substrate materials. This work emphasizes the potential of the proposed antenna configuration in facilitating efficient communication within VANETs while supporting other ISM applications.