<i>Euclid</i>

We present the Flagship galaxy mock, a simulated catalogue of billions of galaxies designed to support the scientific exploitation of the Euclid mission. Euclid is a medium-class mission of the European Space Agency optimised to determine the properties of dark matter and dark energy on the largest scales of the Universe. It probes structure formation over more than 10 billion years primarily from the combination of weak gravitational lensing and galaxy clustering data. The breadth of Euclid ’s data will also foster a wide variety of scientific analyses. The Flagship simulation was developed to provide a realistic approximation to the galaxies that will be observed by Euclid and used in its scientific exploitation. We ran a state-of-the-art N -body simulation with four trillion particles, producing a lightcone on the fly. From the dark matter particles, we produced a catalogue of 16 billion haloes in one octant of the sky in the lightcone up to redshift z = 3. We then populated these haloes with mock galaxies using a halo occupation distribution and abundance-matching approach, calibrating the free parameters of the galaxy mock against observed correlations and other basic galaxy properties. Modelled galaxy properties include luminosity and flux in several bands, redshifts, positions and velocities, spectral energy distributions, shapes and sizes, stellar masses, star formation rates, metallicities, emission line fluxes, and lensing properties. We selected a final sample of 3.4 billion galaxies with a magnitude cut of H E &lt; 26, where we are complete. We have performed a comprehensive set of validation tests to check the similarity to observational data and theoretical models. In particular, our catalogue is able to closely reproduce the main characteristics of the weak lensing and galaxy clustering samples to be used in the mission main cosmological analysis. Moreover, given its depth and completeness, this new galaxy mock also provides the community with a powerful tool for developing a wide range of scientific analyses beyond the Euclid mission.

Authors

Publication Details

Journal
Astronomy and Astrophysics
Published
2025-02-26
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/202450853
Citations
20
Primary Topic
Stellar, planetary, and galactic studies
Type
article
Field-Weighted Citation Impact
23.10

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article

Euclid

M Viel, A Hall, E. Sefusatti, G. Seidel et al.
20 citations
Astronomy and Astrophysics
Stellar, planetary, and galactic studies
23.10
article

Euclid

M Viel, A Hall, E. Sefusatti, G. Seidel, J. Brinchmann, S Casas, J. Hjorth, M. Calabrese, Shangrong Li, O. Lahav, G. A. Mamon, D. Le Mignant, C. Sirignano, M. Brescia, I. Hook, I. Ferrero, A. Kovács, L. Amendola, L. Stanco, J. García-Bellido, C. Padilla, Jean‐Luc Starck, A. Viitanen, J. Carretero, M. Schirmer, J. Steinwagner, F. Marulli, Kai Hoffmann, A.G Ferrari, M. Sereno, K. Ganga, O. Marggraf, F. Shankar, J. F. Macías–Pérez, Paola Dimauro, F. Courbin, M. Migliaccio, F. Torradeflot, M. Schultheis, Y. Copin, A. Kiessling, D. Paoletti, F Caro, M. Crocce, E. Munari, A. Biviano, M. Jhabvala, A. Díaz‐Sánchez, G. Sirri, E Maiorano, J.J Diaz, G. Gozaliasl, M. Tewes, F Raison, S. Bardelli, G. Mainetti, G. Desprez, P. Reimberg, T. Contini, A Montoro, Francisco Javier Castander, Daniele Bertacca, M. Martinelli, M. Costanzi, T. Kitching, M. Magliocchetti, G Verza, M. Melchior, S. Nadathur, V. Capobianco, T. Schrabback, L. Gabarra, M Miluzio, S. Farrens, J Le Graet, S. Andreon, G. Fabbian, E. Bozzo, S. V. H. Haugan, V. Popa, Chunhui Tao, T. Vassallo, S. Matthew, A Troja, S. Dusini, R. Laureijs, R. Toledo-Moreo, B. Camacho Quevedo, S Bruton, M. Moresco, Y Fang, D. Sapone, Shahab Joudaki, M. Poncet, M. Meneghetti, N. Martinet, S. Ilić, A. Veropalumbo, L. Valenziano, Zahra Baghkhani, H. Dole, N Tessore, H. Hildebrandt, M Ballardini, S. Ferriol, C. Mancini, E. Romelli, C. Burigana, Henk Hoekstra, C. Colodro-Conde, H. Degaudenzi, O. Mansutti, G. Morgante, R. Kohley, Julien Lesgourgues, M. Hirschmann, I Risso, B. De, L. Moscardini, V. Allevato, J. Väliviita, W. Gillard, D. Karagiannis, S. Escoffier, L Blot, A. Grazian, A. Tsyganov, B. Gillis, M Sahlén, F. Dubath, R. Maoli, Marc Manera, A. Boucaud, F. Fornari, A. Hornstrup, R. Bender, L. Conversi, S. Fotopoulou, E. Rossetti, E. Medinaceli, F. Hormuth, A Calabrò, Sandor Kruk, M. Pöntinen, S. Di Domizio, S. Marcin, D Scott, M. Béthermin, A. Balestra, F. Bernardeau, R. Saglia, K. Jahnkę, V. Pettorino, E. Branchini, A. M. N. Ferguson, B. Altieri, A. Secroun, M. Farina, F. Mannucci, Claire E. Murray, L. Guzzo, Ivana Kovačić, V. Kansal, S Anselmi, J. Weller, S Borgani, L. Legrand, P. Franzetti, F. Giacomini, C. Viglione, P. Liebing, C. Valieri, A. Zacchei, S. Galeotta, A. Balaguera-Antolínez, E. Franceschi, L. Zalesky, L. Patrizii, ENRIQUE GAZTAÑAGA, P.‐A. Duc, J Martín-Fleitas, P. Gómez-Álvarez, T Castro, E. Merlin, P. Monaco, Pardis Simon, Zhigang Zhai, C. Giocoli, M. Kilbinger, K. Paech, G Cañas-Herrera, J. Gracia-Carpio, Alain Blanchard, K. Markovič, Laila Linke, R Teyssier, Kevin Pardede, S. Camera, J. J. Mohr, K Tanidis, C. Neissner, Michel-Andrès Breton, J. Stadel, D. Bonino, M. Archidiacono, F. Finelli⋆, Pascal A. Oesch, T Gasparetto, J. Dinis, V. Lindholm, P.-F Rocci, O. Ilbert, E. Keihänen, D. Potter, Víctor González‐Pérez, G. Castignani, Luca Pagano, P Vielzeuf, P. C. Schneider, J. Schaye, R. Nakajima, S. Cavuoti, N. Auricchio, M. Frailis, A. Spurio Mancini, R Massey, A. Cappi, D. Vergani, F. Grupp, Z. Sakr, Masamune Oguri, C. Carbone, S. Kermiche, L. Corcione, J. Rhodes, G. Meylan, S. Davini, E Sarpa, Sune Toft, M. Castellano, L. Nicastro, Claudia Scarlata, M. Scodeggio, A. Shulevski, A.N. Taylor, A. Fontana, S. Serrano, B. Rusholme, S. Contarini, S. Paltani, A Pezzotta, Aurel Schneider, O. Cucciati, M. Douspis, A. Pourtsidou, C. Porciani, L. Pozzetti, S. Paltani, Y. Akrami, F. Atrio‐Barandela, Claudio Moretti, G. Polenta, C. Bodendorf, P Casenove, M. Ezziati, T. Bouvard, Yun Wang, A. Da Silva, L. Maurin, G. Riccio, Alessandra Silvestri, G de Lucia, J. Zoubian, M. Roncarelli, I. Tutusaus, M Kunz, B Joachimi, M. Baldi, Y. Mellier, E. Jullo, i, L. Miller, A Amara, K. Kiiveri, É. Aubourg, D. Di Ferdinando, I. Tereno, R. Rebolo, F. Vernizzi, V. Scottez, H. Kurki‐Suonio, M. Viel, M. Tucci, P. Hudelot, M. Wiesmann, A. Ealet, G. Testera, P. Fosalba, C. Baccigalupi, S. Maurogordato, S. Pires, S Mei, K. Pedersen, M. Bolzonella, A. Cimatti, B. Kubik, R Cabanac, N. Mauri, W. Holmes, C. Rosset, N. Fourmanoit, A. Loureiro, F. Gianotti, N. Aghanim, S. de la Torre, A. Mora, S. Tosi, S.-M Niemi, E Zucca, S Avila, I. Lloro, S Ligori, A Finoguenov, H. Böhringer, M. Kümmel, X. Dupac, G. Congedo, A. Renzi
article en
20 citations

Abstract

We present the Flagship galaxy mock, a simulated catalogue of billions of galaxies designed to support the scientific exploitation of the Euclid mission. Euclid is a medium-class mission of the European Space Agency optimised to determine the properties of dark matter and dark energy on the largest scales of the Universe. It probes structure formation over more than 10 billion years primarily from the combination of weak gravitational lensing and galaxy clustering data. The breadth of Euclid ’s data will also foster a wide variety of scientific analyses. The Flagship simulation was developed to provide a realistic approximation to the galaxies that will be observed by Euclid and used in its scientific exploitation. We ran a state-of-the-art N -body simulation with four trillion particles, producing a lightcone on the fly. From the dark matter particles, we produced a catalogue of 16 billion haloes in one octant of the sky in the lightcone up to redshift z = 3. We then populated these haloes with mock galaxies using a halo occupation distribution and abundance-matching approach, calibrating the free parameters of the galaxy mock against observed correlations and other basic galaxy properties. Modelled galaxy properties include luminosity and flux in several bands, redshifts, positions and velocities, spectral energy distributions, shapes and sizes, stellar masses, star formation rates, metallicities, emission line fluxes, and lensing properties. We selected a final sample of 3.4 billion galaxies with a magnitude cut of H E &lt; 26, where we are complete. We have performed a comprehensive set of validation tests to check the similarity to observational data and theoretical models. In particular, our catalogue is able to closely reproduce the main characteristics of the weak lensing and galaxy clustering samples to be used in the mission main cosmological analysis. Moreover, given its depth and completeness, this new galaxy mock also provides the community with a powerful tool for developing a wide range of scientific analyses beyond the Euclid mission.

Astronomy and AstrophysicsVol. 697
Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades
Openalex Percentile: Top 0%
Stellar, planetary, and galactic studies
23.10
DOIOpen Access PDFOpenAlex
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