An Intelligent Battery Management System for an Electric Vehicle Powered by Solar PV Array

Implementing a Battery Management System (BMS) in Electric Vehicles (EVs) offers several benefits that enhance the efficiency, security, and durability of the vehicle's battery system. The BMS oversees and controls the performance of each cell in the battery pack, guaranteeing that they function within predetermined voltage and temperature thresholds to maintain safety. In this paper, an intelligent BMS for an EV model powered by a solar PV array was proposed using a fuzzy logic (FL) controller. The proposed method was applied to EVs consisting of four Lithium-ion batteries. The simulation results are achieved using MATLAB/Simulink software. The estimation of the state of charge (SOC) for each battery was used as input to the FL which controls the discharging/ charging mode for each battery via power semiconductor switches. Three different scenarios are used to verify the suggested method. A full control FL operation was obtained, and the batteries were protected successfully against overcharging and over-discharging.