Impedance Spectroscopy of Aqueous Solutions and Soils Using the Impulse Method

This study investigates the variation of soil resistivity and permittivity using the impulse method impedance spectroscopy. Experiments were conducted with an aqueous solution of Na<inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</inf>SO<inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">4</inf> at varying concentrations and sand with different moisture contents. Measurements were taken in the frequency range of 1 Hz to 10 MHz using multiple double exponential waves. The results derived from FFT analysis of time-domain data were compared with frequency-domain impedance spectroscopy (FDIS), highlighting the accuracy and efficiency of the impulse method in determining soil electrical parameters. The study demonstrates that the impulse method can provide reliable results with significantly reduced measurement time and equipment costs compared to traditional FDIS methods. Additionally, the impulse method's applicability in field conditions makes it a practical alternative for various soil impedance measurements, offering insights into soil behavior under different environmental conditions.