Exploring a Legal Framework for Compassionate Conservation: Guidance from the Deep Ecology Movement

Whereas prevailing research into compassionate conservation is predominantly ethical in nature with a minority of legal research, this article aims to fill this gap and will hence explore a legal framework for compassionate conservation. Compared to traditional conservation practice, compassionate conservation strives for a more inclusive and relational form of nature conservation which questions mainstream conservation practice in light of concerns for individual wild animal welfare. A particular focus of this article will be on how to convey the four underlying tenets central to compassionate conservation ((i) first, do no harm, (ii) individuals matter, (iii) inclusivity of all wild animals and (iv) peaceful coexistence) into tangible legal provisions. In addition, areas of conflict between nature conservation law and animal welfare law will be examined using rewilding and invasive alien species management as case studies. Following these case studies, one of the main research objectives is to identify to what extent installing a hierarchy can provide a solution in conflict situations. The article will drill down into how a compassionate conservation approach aligns with deep ecology and similar approaches.