The Influence of European States on the Establishment of Democratic Power in the Republic of Kazakhstan

Abstract This study examines Europe’s democracy, rule of law, and human rights efforts in Kazakhstan. Historical, comparative, institutional, structural and functional analysis were used to investigate the issue. The study assesses Kazakhstan’s political system after independence, formulates Brussels-Astana cooperation areas within the EU Strategy for Central Asia, determines the state’s prospects for liberalization of the political regime, and describes democratic transit in the post-Soviet period. The constitutional reform of 2022, which sought to transform Kazakhstan’s state model, was also examined, as were the reasons why the EU has failed to promote democratic reforms in Central Asian republics since diplomatic relations were established. The study can be used in research and applied industries by researchers interested in democratization in the post-Soviet space and political processes in Central Asia.