Coronavirus Disease 2019 Case Series in China: Sequelae and Effectiveness of Vaccination and Antiviral Drugs

This study retrospectively analyzed 869 patients (415 male, 454 female), with an average age of 61.52 ± 23.09 years. There were 401 patients without underlying conditions and 468 patients with one or more underlying conditions. Regarding COVID-19 vaccination status, 320 patients were unvaccinated, while 576 patients received at least one dose of the COVID-19 vaccine. Additionally, 514 patients received antiviral medication, while 355 did not receive antiviral treatment. The primary manifestations of post-COVID-19 included shortness of breath, dizziness and weakness, chronic pneumonia, asthma, and reduced sense of smell. Individuals ≥ 70 years of age were more prone to COVID-19 pneumonia. Patients with underlying disease(s) exhibited statistically higher mortality rates after diagnosis of COVID-19. Vaccination against COVID-19 and the use of specific drugs had a statistically significant effect on mortality and the occurrence of post-COVID-19 sequelae. There was no statistically significant difference in COVID-19 infection rates between males and females, although males were more prone to COVID-19 pneumonia. Young women with COVID-19 often experienced no sequelae, and elderly males exhibited a high mortality rate.